Multi-Layer, Multi-Domain Control Plane Hybrid Networks Architecture
Current Status and Future Issues
Multi-Domain, Multi-Layer Hybrid Networks
Hybrid networks are intended to provide a flexible mix of IP routed service and dedicated capacity ÒcircuitsÓ
The ÒMulti-LayerÓ is meant to identify several items regarding how hybrid networks may be built.  In this context it includes the following:
Multi-Technology - MPLS, Ethernet, Ethernet PBB-TE, SONET, NG-SONET, T-MPLS, WDM
Multi-Level - domains or network regions may operate in different routing areas/regions, and maybe be presented in an abstracted manner across area/region boundaries
Multi-Domain indicates that we want to allow hybrid network service instantiation across multiple domains
And of course all this implies that this will be a Multi-Vendor environment.

Multi-Layer, Multi-Domain Control Plane Hybrid Networks Control Plane
Where are today?
What is interesting to think about for the future?

Hybrid Networks Control Plane - Today
Currently an early deployment of a Hybrid Network Control plane on ESnet SDN and Internet2 DCN
and some regional's such as DRAGON, NYSERNet, others
This evolved out of collaborations between several projects including ESNet OSCARS, I2 BRUW, NSF DRAGON, and the DICE Group
It is expected that this will evolve as standards bodies and other groups work on developing interface specifications/agreements with the larger community
Key features of the current architecture are noted in the following bullets.
One InterDomain Controller (IDC) per domain which is responsible for inter-domain messaging
A ÒDomain ControllerÓ (DC) which takes care of provisioning inside the domain.
The DC is really an internal domain concern
The DC design will vary by domain (based on technology types, vendor capabilities, etc), and in some instances may be a very minimal set of functions
The IDC/DC combination provides the basis for a two-level hierarchical network view.  Where the DC will have knowledge of the real local topology and the IDC may have a reduced or abstracted view.

Hybrid Networks Control Plane - Today
Four distinct phases are identified for IDC communications: User Request, Topology Exchange, Resource Scheduling, Signaling
Topology Exchange: currently based on abstracted link states, with little to no dynamic information.
We are also planning to investigate use of a path vector style of inter-domain information exchange.
Resource Scheduling: multi-domain, multi-stage path computation process where the specific resources get identified and reserved for a specific signaling event.
The Signaling Phase is where specific network elements are provisioned.  This phase may be initiated by the user, or by the domains.  The Signaling Phase actions are based on resources identified in the Resource Scheduling phase.
User Request  Phase provides a message set for users to request multi-domain circuits
Current security and authentication models are based on signed soap messages and X509 Certificates (User to local IDC messaging; IDC to IDC messaging)

Hybrid Networks Control Plane - Today
Hybrid Networks Control Plane - Today
Hybrid Network Control Plane
What can we do today?
Dynamic provision of end to end (circuits) across multiple domains.
Specify a few basic parameters regarding a single circuit request: edge technology/configuration, bandwidth, end points, domain sequence, specific start/stop times

Hybrid Network Control Plane
What is interesting to think about for the future?
Enhanced Circuit Parameters and User Request Mechanisms
Richer set of flexible circuit request constraints such as technology type, flexible time period specifications, latency, jitter, adjustments to in-service circuits, arbitrary business /administrative/security constraints, flexible user requests mechanisms.
Topology Building: combining multiple individual circuits together into a user specified topology.
Network Virtualization - True Multi-Level, Multi-Technology, Multi-Vendor network control and provisioning
Only talking about network resources here; correlation with application domain resources is considered a separate activity.

Enhanced User Options
User has increased number of parameters to specify such as technology type, adjustments to in-service circuits, flexible time period specifications, latency, jitter, arbitrary business /administrative/security constraints, flexible user requests mechanisms

Multi-Level, Multi-Technology, Multi-Vendor Infrastructures
Multiple Options, most will have vendor proprietary control and management mechanisms which only work across single vendor regions

Multi-Level, Multi-Technology, Multi-Vendor Infrastructures
Current dynamic provisioning environment can be described as:
Static Topology, Dynamic Provisioning
Next we want to enable:
Dynamic Topology, Dynamic Provisioning

Multi-Level, Multi-Technology, Multi-Vendor – Network Virtualization
Network Virtualization and Topology Building in Multi-Level, Multi-Technology, Multi-Vendor Infrastructures

What are the major issues looking forward?
A key requirement for the architecture is to be able to handle the reality that the underlying networks will be very heterogeneous in terms of technology, control mechanisms, and vendors.
In the current architecture this is abstracted out by the DC to IDC interface.
Four types of underlying domain types have been identified in terms of how the DC interacts with them:
GMPLS (I2 DCN is an example, regional networks based on ethernet switch dynamic provisioning is another example)
MPLS (ESNet SDN is an example)
Management Plane Controlled (USN is an example)
Vendor Control Plane (I2 DCN also has a component of this)

Dealing with Heterogeneous Network Technologies and Vendor Equipment
Adding regions of new technologies and vendors is not too difficult from the provisioning perspective
The difficult issue is in terms of the routing exchange between/from the technology/vendor regions and path computation (intra and multi-domain) with multiple constraints.

Multi-Constraint Path Computation
IntraDomain provisioning requires a path computation process to determine a path across the local network
If the domain consists of multiple technologies, multiple levels, and multiple vendors this problem can be complex
In order to realize the advanced control plane features multi-domain path computation needs to be augmented to operate in these environments.  This will likely include addition of the following constraints to the path computation process:
time domain
flexible set of AAA and other user defined constraints
Ability to look for paths as a group in the context of a entire topology build.
These scheduling and flexible policy processing mechanisms will need to be tightly integrated/coupled with path computation and selection processes

Flexible and Policy Based Multiple Constraint Path Computation with Filtering/Pruning Processes
Path Computation with Multiple Dimensions
Control Plane Scalability and Performance – Simulations and Testing
In order to collect some more data on the (current and future) control plane performance, we are planning to run some simulations on OPNET and/or User Mode Linux (UML) environments.
This will allow us to evaluate the scalability/stability of inter-domain information exchange, the success/blocking probability/performance of Resource Scheduling and Signaling.
User Mode Linux (UML) based simulation will also allow us to connect simulated networks to real networks, since the UML will run the same software as current networks.
Current and future designs will be evaluated

Questions/Comments?
Tom Lehman
tlehman  at east.isi.edu
Thank You