| The Path to 100 G Ethernet |
| Martin Nuss | |
| VP & Chief Technologist |
| A need for speed: 10GbE, 40Gb, 100GbE |
| 40G Transmission – Current Drivers |
| 40G IP Router interfaces | |||
| Link bandwidth requires N X 10G | |||
| Problems with link aggregation | |||
| Most flows small, distribute nicely | |||
| Large flows from MPLS/IPSEC problematic | |||
| 32-40 Ch DWDM ring exhaust | |||
| Multi-access DWDM rings in metro | |||
| Typically 5 nodes, some larger | |||
| At exhaust build entire new ring | |||
| New fiber, amps, ROADMs, installation, space, power,É | |||
| Or add a pair of 40G transponders | |||
| Mix-n-Match of 10G/40G/100G on Same Fiber System |
| Increased Spectral Efficiency, More Capacity |
| Transport technology
readiness Possible technology choices for 100G transmission |
| Parallel options suitable for 100G on dedicated fiber, limited distances | |||
| 4 X 25G and 10X10G have been proposed | |||
| 4x 25G VCSEL WDM likely candidate for client-side optics (achievable with CMOS) | |||
| Negative service provider reaction to parallel networking solutions in MAN/WAN | |||
| Non-scalability of capacity: multiple waves to manage, ROADM port exhaust | |||
| Serial options – new technology to improve propagation, spectral efficiency | |||
| Trading speed for complexity – starting at 112 Gb/sec | |||
| Polarization multiplexing – divide by 2 | |||
| Each polarization carries a 56 Gb/s signal | |||
| Phase coding – e.g.: Four phase states | |||
| Four phases encode two info bits | |||
| Symbol rate cut in half to 28 Gbaud/sec | |||
| OTN WAN mapping topics |
| 100G OTN (OTU4/ODU4/OPU4) must support mapping of 100GbE | ||
| 100GbE line rate of 103.125Gbps (results in OTU4 rate of ~112Gbps w/ FEC) | ||
| Full transparency required (donŐt repeat the mistakes made at 10GbE) | ||
| 100G OTN must support muxing of ODU1/2/3 to new ODU4 layer | ||
| OTU4 line rate above 112Gbps is probably not realizable economically with current technology (means ODU4 support 3xODU3 or 4xODU3 is probably not realizable) | ||
| Ciena has proposed to ITU a ~112Gbps OTU4 line rate that supports transparent mappings of 100GbE and muxing of ODU1/2e/3e (allowing transparent mappings of 10GbE and 40GbE) and is moving forward with development of this rate | ||
| Economic readiness |
| Customers would like | ||
| 40G transponders at 2.5X 10G transponder cost | ||
| 100G transponders at similar proportional savings | ||
| Business case will initially be made based on: | ||
| Economic benefit at the overall network solution level | ||
| Including CAPEX and OPEX for IP, DWDM and fiber | ||
| A reasonable 100G initial economic target: 100G = 2.5 X cost of 40G | ||
| Parity in cost/bit, with improved spectral efficiency | ||
| Thank You |